Monophthong (/ˈmɑː.nəf.θɑːŋ/)
a vowel sound in which the tongue stays in one position
Compare.
Monophthongs are also called ‘pure vowel sounds’ and they are 12 in number. They include:
1 i: see, Speak, believe
2 ɪ wit, mystic, little
3 e set, meant, bet
4 æ pat, cash, bad
5 ɑ: half, part, father
6 ɒ not, what, cost
7 ɔ: port, caught, all
8 ʊ wood, could, put
9 u: you, music, rude
10 ʌ bus, come, but
11 ɜ: beard, word, fur
12 ə alone, butter
Diphthong (/ˈdɪp.θɑːŋ/) a vowel sound in which the tongue changes position to produce the sound of two vowels
1- /eɪ/: It has a Long A sound: day, may, make, take, table etc.
2- /aɪ/: This type of diphthong is pronounced as a long I sound: sky, My, night, flight, etc.
3- /ɔɪ/: This one is pronounced as a long O sound: Joy, boy, annoy etc.
4- /ɪə/: It is pronounced as a long E sound: pier, hear, clear etc.
5- /eə/: This diphthong is pronounced as a long A sound: beard, hair, fair etc.
6- /aʊ/: Is pronounced as a short A sound: brown, cow, how, etc.
7- /oʊ/: This diphthong is frequently used and only pronounced as a single long O sound: go, so, no, etc.
